Turbocharger Introduction and It's struction

The turbocharger is actually a Air compressor that increases the intake of air through the Compressed air. It uses the inertia of the exhaust gas from the engine to propel the turbine in the turbine chamber, which in turn drives a coaxial impeller, which presses air from the air filter pipe into the cylinder. As the speed of the engine increases, so does the speed of the exhaust gas and the speed of the turbine. The impeller compresses more air into the cylinder. As the pressure and density of the air increases, more fuel can be burned, increasing the amount of fuel and adjusting the speed of the engine can increase the output power of the engine.

Start with the general structure of the turbocharger. The exhaust turbocharger consists mainly of pumps and turbines, as well as other control elements. The pump and turbine are connected by a shaft, the rotor, and the exhaust from the engine drives the pump, which spins the turbine, which then supercharges the intake system. The supercharger is installed on the exhaust side of the engine, so the working temperature of the supercharger is very high, and the rotor speed of the supercharger is very high at one hundred thousand rpm, at such high speeds and temperatures, common mechanical needle roller or ball bearings can not work for the rotor, so full-floating bearings, which are lubricated with oil, are commonly used in turbocharger, there is also coolant for the supercharger cooling. In the past, turbocharger were mostly used in diesel engines because gasoline and diesel were burned in different ways, so the turbocharger forms of the engines were also different. Gasoline engine is different from diesel engine, it into the cylinder is not air, but the mixture of gasoline and air, too much pressure is prone to explosion. Therefore, the installation of turbocharger must be to avoid deflagration, there are two related issues, one is high temperature control, the other is ignition time control. After forced supercharging, the temperature and pressure of compression and combustion will increase, and the deflagration tendency will increase. In addition, the exhaust temperature of the gasoline engine is higher than that of the diesel engine, and it is not suitable to increase the overlap angle of the valves (the time when the intake and exhaust valves are open at the same time) to strengthen the cooling of the exhaust, the reduction of compression ratio will result in insufficient combustion. In addition, gasoline engines rotate faster than diesel engines, and air flow changes greatly, which can easily cause turbocharger lag. In response to a series of turbocharger problems in gasoline engines, engineers have made targeted improvements to make them turbocharger.